diff --git a/e2e/console/user_test.go b/e2e/console/user_test.go
index 1d45caed4..47c5cec72 100644
--- a/e2e/console/user_test.go
+++ b/e2e/console/user_test.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.probo.inc/probo/e2e/internal/factory"
 	"go.probo.inc/probo/e2e/internal/testutil"
 )
 
@@ -324,6 +325,67 @@ func TestUser_RemoveUser(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.False(t, removedUserFound, "Should not find removed user")
 }
 
+func TestUser_RemoveUser_ProfileInUse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	owner := testutil.NewClient(t, testutil.RoleOwner)
+	profileID := factory.CreateUser(owner)
+
+	const createAssetMutation = `
+		mutation($input: CreateAssetInput!) {
+			createAsset(input: $input) {
+				assetEdge {
+					node {
+						id
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	`
+
+	var createAssetResult struct {
+		CreateAsset struct {
+			AssetEdge struct {
+				Node struct {
+					ID string `json:"id"`
+				} `json:"node"`
+			} `json:"assetEdge"`
+		} `json:"createAsset"`
+	}
+
+	err := owner.Execute(createAssetMutation, map[string]any{
+		"input": map[string]any{
+			"organizationId":  owner.GetOrganizationID().String(),
+			"name":            "Production Database Server",
+			"amount":          1,
+			"ownerId":         profileID,
+			"assetType":       "VIRTUAL",
+			"dataTypesStored": "Customer PII",
+		},
+	}, &createAssetResult)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotEmpty(t, createAssetResult.CreateAsset.AssetEdge.Node.ID)
+
+	const removeUserMutation = `
+		mutation($input: RemoveUserInput!) {
+			removeUser(input: $input) {
+				deletedProfileId
+			}
+		}
+	`
+
+	err = owner.ExecuteConnect(removeUserMutation, map[string]any{
+		"input": map[string]any{
+			"organizationId": owner.GetOrganizationID().String(),
+			"profileId":      profileID,
+		},
+	}, nil)
+	testutil.RequireErrorCode(t, err, "CONFLICT")
+
+	var gqlErrors testutil.GraphQLErrors
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &gqlErrors)
+	assert.Contains(t, gqlErrors[0].Message, "referenced by other resources")
+}
+
 func TestUser_ArchiveUser(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	owner := testutil.NewClient(t, testutil.RoleOwner)
diff --git a/pkg/coredata/connector.go b/pkg/coredata/connector.go
index 12ee477f3..3dfd0a4b7 100644
--- a/pkg/coredata/connector.go
+++ b/pkg/coredata/connector.go
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ WHERE %s AND id = @id
 	_, err := conn.Exec(ctx, q, args)
 	if err != nil {
 		if pgErr, ok := errors.AsType[*pgconn.PgError](err); ok {
-			if pgErr.Code == "23503" {
+			if pgErr.Code == "23503" || pgErr.Code == "23001" {
 				return ErrResourceInUse
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/coredata/membership_profile.go b/pkg/coredata/membership_profile.go
index c35777f4d..d1c090268 100644
--- a/pkg/coredata/membership_profile.go
+++ b/pkg/coredata/membership_profile.go
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ WHERE
 	_, err := conn.Exec(ctx, q, args)
 	if err != nil {
 		if pgErr, ok := errors.AsType[*pgconn.PgError](err); ok {
-			if pgErr.Code == "23503" {
+			if pgErr.Code == "23503" || pgErr.Code == "23001" {
 				return ErrResourceInUse
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/pkg/iam/errors.go b/pkg/iam/errors.go
index f9257c1e1..8a9d9f2d7 100644
--- a/pkg/iam/errors.go
+++ b/pkg/iam/errors.go
@@ -180,6 +180,18 @@ func (e ErrLastActiveOwner) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("cannot remove profile %q: last active owner of the organization", e.MembershipID)
 }
 
+type ErrProfileInUse struct {
+	ProfileID gid.GID
+}
+
+func NewProfileInUseError(profileID gid.GID) error {
+	return &ErrProfileInUse{ProfileID: profileID}
+}
+
+func (e ErrProfileInUse) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("cannot remove profile %q: referenced by other resources", e.ProfileID)
+}
+
 type ErrOrganizationNotFound struct{ OrganizationID gid.GID }
 
 func NewOrganizationNotFoundError(organizationID gid.GID) error {
diff --git a/pkg/iam/organization_service.go b/pkg/iam/organization_service.go
index de8664b2b..4d6dede31 100644
--- a/pkg/iam/organization_service.go
+++ b/pkg/iam/organization_service.go
@@ -354,6 +354,10 @@ func (s *OrganizationService) RemoveUser(
 			}
 
 			if err := profile.Delete(ctx, tx, scope, profileID); err != nil {
+				if errors.Is(err, coredata.ErrResourceInUse) {
+					return NewProfileInUseError(profileID)
+				}
+
 				return fmt.Errorf("cannot delete profile: %w", err)
 			}
 
diff --git a/pkg/server/api/connect/v1/profile_resolvers.go b/pkg/server/api/connect/v1/profile_resolvers.go
index 8a609184e..c87fbad53 100644
--- a/pkg/server/api/connect/v1/profile_resolvers.go
+++ b/pkg/server/api/connect/v1/profile_resolvers.go
@@ -145,6 +145,10 @@ func (r *mutationResolver) RemoveUser(ctx context.Context, input types.RemoveUse
 			return nil, gqlutils.Conflictf(ctx, "cannot remove last active owner")
 		}
 
+		if _, ok := errors.AsType[*iam.ErrProfileInUse](err); ok {
+			return nil, gqlutils.Conflictf(ctx, "cannot remove person: referenced by other resources")
+		}
+
 		r.logger.ErrorCtx(ctx, "cannot remove user from organization", log.Error(err))
 
 		return nil, gqlutils.Internal(ctx)
diff --git a/pkg/server/api/mcp/v1/schema.resolvers.go b/pkg/server/api/mcp/v1/schema.resolvers.go
index 1afa93592..d16660187 100644
--- a/pkg/server/api/mcp/v1/schema.resolvers.go
+++ b/pkg/server/api/mcp/v1/schema.resolvers.go
@@ -2954,6 +2954,10 @@ func (r *Resolver) RemoveUserTool(ctx context.Context, req *mcp.CallToolRequest,
 			return nil, types.RemoveUserOutput{}, fmt.Errorf("cannot remove last active owner: %w", err)
 		}
 
+		if _, ok := errors.AsType[*iam.ErrProfileInUse](err); ok {
+			return nil, types.RemoveUserOutput{}, fmt.Errorf("cannot remove person: referenced by other resources: %w", err)
+		}
+
 		return nil, types.RemoveUserOutput{}, fmt.Errorf("remove user: %w", err)
 	}